Microchip PIC16F628 Assembly Code Programs Tutorial
In this section we will explore how to use the Microchip PIC mostly the 16F628A and the 12F683. While the previous section on the PIC18F2550 was written in C, here I'll use only assembly language.
Related YouTube Video: Home Built PIC Dev. Board.
Why assembly? It's produces fast and efficient coding over C for basic functions related to electronics control. This enables one to really access the powerful features of the PIC. As a RISC processor it has only 35 instructions to learn. They operate at the register and bit levels.
These were developed using MPLAB v8.88.
In addition the PIC16F628A has an internal 4 mHz oscillator meaning no need for an external crystal.
The projects concentrate on using the PIC16F628 that has the following features:
- 2048 bytes of flash RAM
- 224 bytes of data SRAM
- 16 programmable IO pins
- Three timers two 8-bit and one 16-bit
- Pulse width modulation unit
- Operation to 20 mHz
And so much more. While 2048 bytes may not sound like much, none of the first seven demos used more than 75 bytes! That includes operating a bipolar stepper motor and reading an external analog to digital converter, which the 16F628 lacks. The 12F683 has ADC, but only six IO pins. (8 pins total.)
PICs utilize the Harvard architecture in which instructions and data operate on separate sources, which simplifies timing and microcircuit design. While they can be programmed in circuit, I used a separate programmer and a ZIP socket in my home built development board.
The example demos will use all three timers, pwm unit, interrupts, etc. The idea being to present working debugged code so the novice can learn more on their own. The following example counts in binary-coded decimal (BCD) on 8 LEDs connected to PORTB with the following example code:
main ; count 0-99 in BCD displayed on 8 LEDS PORTB MOVFW CNT ANDLW 0x0F ; mask out 4 upper bits SUBLW 0x0A ; test lower nibble BTFSS STATUS, Z ; test for dec 10 GOTO LOC1 MOVFW CNT ADDLW 0x06 MOVWF CNT ; test upper nibble MOVWF TEMP SWAPF TEMP ; swap nibbles MOVFW TEMP ANDLW 0x0F ; mask off upper 4 bits SUBLW 0x0A ; test for 0x0A BTFSS STATUS, Z ; test for dec 10 GOTO LOC1 MOVFW CNT ; upper nibble = 0xA0 add 0x60 ADDLW 0x60 MOVWF CNT LOC1 MOVFW CNT ; display result MOVWF PORTB CALL TMR0_DEL ; any delay routine INCF CNT ; CNT = CNT + 1 goto main
What the code does is check each half-byte (nibble) to see if it is 10 (0x0A) which we then add 0x06 to the lower nibble or 0x60 to the upper nibble and the count continues and is sent to PORTB LEDs.
Full code F628a_BCD.asm
See How I got into Electronics
- You Tube Videos for this Series
- Home Built PIC Development Board
- PIC16F628 PIC Using Rotary Encoder to Operate Stepper Motor
- Using a Serial ADC with PIC16F628
- Calculating Pulse-Width Modulation with a PIC
- PIC16F84A-628A Hardware Time Delays
- PIC16F84A-628A Timer Interrupt Delays
- PIC16F84A-628A Pullups and Interrupts
- PIC16F84A-628A Hardware Interrupts Tutorial
- Projects using PIC16F628:
- Home Built PIC16F628 Prototyping Board
- Exploring the Microchip PIC in Assembly
- Using a Microchip PIC with TLC548 Serial ADC
- Controlling PIC Pulse Width Modulation with a Serial ADC
- Using TMR0 on a PIC with Interrupts
- External Clock Crystal with PIC16F628 TMR1 Generates Interrupt
- PIC Using Rotary Encoder to Operate Stepper Motor
- PIC16F628 Pulse Width Modulation Controls Brightness of LED
- Another way to Turn On-Off PWM in a PIC
- TLC548 Serial ADC Spec. Sheet
- Programming PIC16F84A-PIC16F628A Interrupts by Example
- PIC16F84A-PIC16F628A Pull Up Resistors with Interrupts
- Programming PIC16F84A-PIC16f628a Timers by Example
- Programming PIC16F84A-PIC16F628A TMR0 Interrupts
- Programming PIC16F84A Software Delay Routines by Example
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